Tabarca Island: history, access and what to see in the Mediterranean’s most unique destination
The island of Tabarca, also known as Nueva Tabarca, is one of the most authentic destinations with the richest history on the Mediterranean coast. Located off the coast of Alicante, it is the only inhabited island in the Valencian Community and a key location for both cultural tourism and lovers of marine nature.
History of the island of Tabarca: from captivity to fortification
Few people know that the modern origins of Tabarca are not Alicantean, but Genoese and Tunisian. In the 18th century, King Charles III promoted a project to repopulate the island with a group of Genoese fishermen and merchants who had been held captive on the island of Tabarka (Tunisia), then under Ottoman rule. After their release, they were granted this new island off the coast of Alicante, which was then little more than a rocky islet.
Between 1769 and 1775, construction began on the walled enclosure, following a military defensive plan with bastions, towers, and three access gates: San Rafael, San Gabriel, and San Miguel. A church dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul was also built, and the island was provided with a small urban center for the new community. This urban development transformed Tabarca into a fortified stronghold, designed to protect the coast from pirate attacks and ensure maritime control for the Kingdom of Spain.
The name “Nueva Tabarca” was given in honor of the original African island, and over time it became known simply as “Tabarca.” Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, the population declined, but the architecture, the wall, and the cultural identity have remained strong to this day.
What to see and do on Tabarca Island
Tabarca is not only notable for its history. It is also a destination of great natural beauty. In 1986, it was declared a Marine Reserve, the first in Spain, due to the richness of its seabed, where Posidonia oceanica meadows predominate. This makes it an ideal place for diving, snorkeling, and sustainable tourism.
Among the must-see places on the island are:
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The walled old town, with cobbled streets and colorful houses.
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The Church of St. Peter and St. Paul, built in 1770.
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The Tabarca lighthouse, renovated in the 19th century.
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The San José Tower, used for military purposes and currently closed to the public.
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The coves and beaches with crystal-clear waters, ideal for swimming and photography.
The cuisine is another attraction. The Tabarquino caldero, made with rockfish and rice, is the signature dish in the island’s restaurants.
How to get to Tabarca from Santa Pola or Alicante
Tabarca Island is connected by boat to several points along the Alicante coast. The shortest route is from Santa Pola, just 4 nautical miles away (about 25 minutes by catamaran). There are also departures from Alicante, Guardamar del Segura, and Torrevieja, especially in summer.
During the summer months, the island receives hundreds of visitors a day, although it is possible to stay overnight in one of the accommodations and enjoy Tabarca at a leisurely pace when the day trippers leave.